Giáo trình tiếng Anh dùng cho hệ đào tạo từ xa - Vũ Thị Hà

Nội dung text: Giáo trình tiếng Anh dùng cho hệ đào tạo từ xa - Vũ Thị Hà

1. VINH UNIVERSITY VŨ THỊ HÀ (Giáo trình tiếng Anh dùng cho hệ đào tạo từ xa) Part 1 & Part 2 Nghe an, 2011
2. Chief Editor Ph.D Vu Thi Ha B.A Nguyen Thi Lam Giang: Unit 1,2,3 M.A Le Thi Tuyet Hanh: Unit 4,5,6 M.A Nguyen Thi Lanh: Unit 7,8,9 M.A Tran Thi Phuong Thao: Unit 10,11,12 Chủ biên TS. Vũ Thị Hà CN Nguyễn Thị Lam Giang: Unit 1,2,3 Th.S Lê Thị Tuyết Hạnh: Unit 4,5,6 Th.S Nguyễn Thị Lành: Unit 7,8,9 Th.S Trần Thị Phương Thảo: Unit 10,11,12
3. TABLE OF CONTENT UNIT CONTENT PAGE Unit 1 The way we live. 1 Unit 2 What happened next? 12 Unit3 The market place! 22 Unit 4 My hobbies! 33 Unit 5 How do people feel? 40 Unit 6 Places and things. 49 Review: Unit1 – Unit 6 57 PRACTICE TEST 62 Unit 7 Fame! 65 Unit 8 Do’s and don’ts 74 Unit 9 What is your plan for the future? 85 Unit 10 Things that changed the world. 93 Unit 11 What if? 101 Unit 12 Earning a living. 109 Review: Unit 7 – Unit 12 116 Tapescripts 122 References 125
4. LỜI NÓI ĐẦU English for distance education là giáo trình tiếng Anh dùng cho hệ đào tạo từ xa. Giáo trình gồm 12 bài với thời lượng 90 giờ tín chỉ (6 tín chỉ) được chia thành 2 học phần: Tiếng Anh 1 và Tiếng Anh 2, mỗi học phần 45 giờ (3 tín chỉ), 6 bài. Mỗi bài bao gồm các kỹ năng nghe, nói, đọc, viết với các chủ đề khác nhau, nhiều hình ảnh minh họa khá sinh động.và kiến thức ngữ pháp cơ bản đi kèm hệ thống bài tập phù hợp. Trong phần ngữ pháp có câu hỏi cho học viên định hướng ôn tập (Grammar question) Các học viên phải được trang bị một số vốn tiếng Anh cơ bản trước khi bắt đầu chương trình này. Qua giáo trình này, tập thể tác giả mong muốn giúp các học viên ôn lại những kiến thức cơ bản về ngữ pháp, từ vựng và cung cấp kiến thức mới để học viên có thể dần dần nâng cao trình độ tiếng Anh. Phần nghe có kèm theo đĩa CD và phần lời ở cuối giáo trình, như vậy học viên có thể vừa nghe vừa theo dõi rất thuận tiện. Cuối giáo trình còn có danh sách tài liệu tham khảo ở được chỉ dẫn cách tìm trên website để học viên tự tải xuống nghiên cứu. Mặc dầu các tác giả đã rất cố gắng, đương nhiên không thể tránh khỏi các sai sót, mong được sự góp ý chân tình và phê bình thẳng thắn của các đồng nghiệp, học viên và độc giả quan tâm. Nghệ An, 12. 2011 Các tác giả
5. ĐỀ CƯƠNG CHI TIẾT HỌC PHẦN Tiếng Anh 1 – NC10001 1. Tên học phần: Ngoại ngữ 1 (Tiếng Anh 1) 3 (30/30) 2. Bộ môn phụ trách giảng dạy: Khoa ngoại ngữ 3. Mô tả học phần: Tiếng Anh 1 là học phần bắt buộc dành cho sinh viên không chuyên ngữ liên thông từ trung cấp trường Đại học Vinh. Chương trình gồm có 6 bài (từ bài 1 đến bài 6).Học phần được phân bổ trong 45giờ tín chỉ (tương đương với 3 tín chỉ).Qua học phần này người học được cung cấp một số kiến thức tiếng Anh cơ bản tổng quát, giúp họ rèn luyện các kĩ năng thực hành tiếng nghe, nói, đọc, viết. Kết thúc học phần sinh viên sẽ có nền tảng kiến thức để học lên học phần Tiếng Anh II. 4. Mục tiêu học phần: 4.1. Kiến thức: * Các vấn đề ngữ pháp cơ bản: - Tenses (present simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, future simple), going to. - Questions, question words. - Expressions of quantity, articles. - Verb patterns. - Have/ have got. - What .like? - Comparative and superlative adjectives. * Từ vựng về các chủ đề: cuộc sống, đất nước, âm nhạc, bạn bè, mua sắm. 4.2. Kĩ năng: Môn học này giúp sinh viên nâng cao các kĩ năng nghe, nói, đọc, viết, chú trọng kĩ năng đọc hiểu. 4.3. Thái độ: Sinh viên phải thấy được tầm quan trọng của học phần, cảm thấy hứng thú và có thái độ nghiêm túc, chủ động đối với học phần. 5. Nội dung họcphần: Unit 1:The way we live * Grammar - Present tenses (present simple, present continuous) - Linking words * Writing - Linking words * Speaking - Exchanging information
6. - Discussion * Reading: Living in the USA * Listening: Listen and fill in the blank Unit 2:What happened next? * Grammar: Past tenses (past simple, past continuous) * Writing: Write sentences and a story * Speaking - Telling stories - Exchanging information * Reading: “Hetty Green – The Witch of Wall Street” * Listening: Listen to get information Unit 3: The market place * Grammar - Count and uncount nouns - Quantity (some, any, a few, a little, a lot of, ) - Articles * Writing: Write sentences and a story * Speaking - Discussion - Group work * Reading: The best shopping street on the world * Listening: Listen to get information Unit 4: My hobbies * Grammar - Present continuous - going to, will * Writing: Writing a postcard * Speaking - Discussion * Reading: Hobbies * Listening: A song “You’ve got a friend” Unit 5: How do people feel? * Grammar - ing/ed adjectives - so/ such -relative clause * Writing - join the sentences * Speaking - Discussion * Reading: How to be sensitive to other people’s feeling * Listening: Listen to get information
7. Unit 6: Places and things * Grammar - What’s it like? - Comparatives and superlatives * Writing: Writing sentences * Speaking - Discussion * Reading: The Big Ben * Listening: Listen to a conversation 6. Tài liệu tham khảo 1. John and Lis Soars. New Headway Pre-Intermediate, Second Edition, Student’s Book and Workbook. Link to download: 2. John and Lis Soars. New Headway Pre-Intermediate, Third Edition, Student’s Book. Link to download: New Headway Third Edition Pre Intermediate Student’s book. 3. David Nonan. Listen in 1,2,3 Link to download: 4.Hutchinson Tom. Lifelines – Pre-Intermediate, HaiPhong Publishing House 2004 5. Terry Hong. New toeic listening comprehension, Long man, 2009 6. Raymond Murphy. English Grammar in Use.Third Edition.Cambridgeuniversity Press, 2004 Link to download ebook PDF 7. Phương thức đánh giá học phần Các phương thức kiểm tra, đánh giá - Kiểm tra, đánh giá thường xuyên: chuyên cần, chuẩn bị bài, tích cực thảo luận, làm bài tập trên lớp: 1/10 - Kiểm tra đánh giá định kỳ: kiểm tra giữa kì: 2/10 - Kiểm tra (thi) kết thúc môn học: 7/10 Thang điểm: 10 quy đổi thang điểm 4 và điểm chữ ĐỀ CƯƠNG CHI TIẾT HỌC PHẦN Tiếng Anh 2 – NC10002 1. Tên học phần: Ngoại ngữ 2 (Tiếng Anh 2) 3 (30/30) 2. Bộ môn phụ trách giảng dạy: Khoa ngoại ngữ 3. Mô tả học phần:
8. Tiếng Anh 2 là học phần bắt buộc dành cho sinh viên liên thông từ trung cấp không chuyên ngữ trường Đại học Vinh sau khi đã được học học phần Tiếng Anh I. Chương trình gồm có 6 bài (từ bài 7 đến bài 12) và được phân bổ trong 45 giờ tín chỉ (tương đương với 3 tín chỉ). Qua môn học này sinh viên được cung cấp thêm một số vấn đề ngữ pháp cơ bản, được rèn luyện và củng cố các kĩ năng nghe, nói, đọc, viết để đạt tới cấp độ cơ bản. Sinh viên có thể sử dụng ngôn ngữ một cách thành thạo hơn nhờ các kiến thức mở rộng hơn về từ vựng. 4. Mục tiêu học phần: 4.1. Kiến thức: * Các vấn đề ngữ pháp cơ bản: - Tenses (present perfect, present perfect continuous, past simple). - Have to, should, must, might. - Time and conditional clauses, What if ?, - Verb patterns, infinitives. - Passives - Second conditional * Từ vựng về các chủ đề: âm nhạc, nghề nghiệp, du lịch, tình cảm, thái độ. 4.2. Kĩ năng: Môn học này giúp sinh viên nâng cao các kĩ năng nghe, nói, đọc, viết, chú trọng kĩ năng đọc hiểu. 4.3. Thái độ: Sinh viên phải thấy được tầm quan trọng của học phần, cảm thấy hứng thú và có thái độ nghiêm túc, chủ động đối với học phần. 5. Nội dung họcphần: Unit 7: Fame! * Grammar - Present perfect and past simple - For and since * Writing - Writing a biography * Speaking - Discussion * Reading: Lady Gaga-Best new artist * Listening: An interview Unit 8: Do and don’t * Grammar - have (got) to - Should - Must - Used to * Writing: Favorite job
9. * Speaking - Discussion - Role play, group work * Reading: What every parents of a first-year college student should know? * Listening - Listen a conversation Unit 9: What is your plan for the future? * Grammar - Time clauses - First conditional * Writing: World in the future * Speaking - Discussion * Reading: The house of the future * Listening: Listen and fill in the blank. Unit 10: Things that changed the world * Grammar - Passives * Writing: - Use the prompts to rewrite sentences * Speaking - Discussion * Reading - The invention of Google * Listening - Listen the conversation and fill in the blank Unit 11: What if ? * Grammar: - Second conditional - Might - Phrasal verbs * Writing: - Use the prompts to write / rewrite sentences * Speaking - Giving advice - Discussion – dilemmas - Group work * Reading: “Supervolcano” * Listening: if I were you Unit 12: Earning a living
10. * Grammar - Present Perfect continuous * Writing - Use the prompts to write / rewrite sentences * Speaking - Exchanging information * Reading: Flying for a living * Listening: Listen and fill in the blank 6. Tài liệu tham khảo 1. John and Lis Soars. New Headway Pre-Intermediate, Second Edition, Student’s Book and Workbook. Link to download: 2. John and Lis Soars.New Headway Pre-Intermediate, Third Edition, Student’s Book. Link to download: New Headway Third Edition Pre Intermediate Student’s book. 3. David Nonan. Listen in 1,2,3 Link to download: 4.Hutchinson Tom. Lifelines – Pre-Intermediate, HaiPhong Publishing House 2004 5. Terry Hong. New toeic listening comprehension, Long man, 2009 6. Raymond Murphy. English Grammar in Use.Third Edition.Cambridgeuniversity Press, 2004 Link to download ebook PDF 7. Phương thức đánh giá học phần Các phương thức kiểm tra, đánh giá - Kiểm tra, đánh giá thường xuyên: chuyên cần, chuẩn bị bài, tích cực thảo luận, làm bài tập trên lớp: 1/10 - Kiểm tra đánh giá định kỳ: kiểm tra giữa kì: 2/10 - Kiểm tra (thi) kết thúc môn học: 7/10 Thang điểm: 10 quy đổi thang điểm 4 và điểm chữ
11. THE WAY WE 1 LIVE UNIT Present Simple/ Present Continuous But - Although – However – So – Because What’s your morning routine? Complete these sentences about you. WARM UP I always I usually I often I don’t . very often. Sometimes I I never Presentation 1. 1. Look at the picture. Who are the people? Where are they? What are they doing? A b C D 2. Reads the following texts, then say whether the sentences below true ()or false ( ). Text 1 Mary gets up first at about seven o’clock. She goes downstairs and has breakfast early, because she starts work at eight o’clock. When I wake up, I switch on the radio and listen to the news. Then I get up and have a shower. I go downstairs at about quarter past seven. James comes down at about half past seven. She doesn’t like the radio, so she switches on the television and watches the breakfast program. She always turns up the volume too loud, so we usually have an argument about that. Colin goes to college and he’s always late. He doesn’t usually have breakfast. He runs downstairs at the last minute, and hurries out to get the bus. But he usually misses it, so then I take him in my car and I’m late for work. At weekend, I get up first and I like the weekends, because everyone stays in bed late. But I have my breakfast in peace! don’t stay in bed. I get up first and have my breakfast in peace! True ()or False ( )? 1. I get up first at about seven o’clock. 2. Mary starts work at eight o’clock.
12. 3. I usually watch the breakfast programme on television in the mornings. 4. James likes the radio. 5. James have a shower at the morning. 6. Colin usually have breakfast before he goes to school. 7. Mary usually takes Colin in her car and she is late for work. 8. I don’t like the weekends. 9. Everyone gets up early at the weekends. 10. At weekends, Colin gets up first and have his breakfast in peace. Text 2 I often travel to other countries, so I spend a lot of time at the airports. Today I’m travelling to Greece and at the moment I’m waiting for my plane. But I’m not wasting my time. What am I doing? I’m playing my favourite game – people- watching. Whenever I have the time, I watch other people. Take that couple, for example. They’re buying magazines at the moment. Are they going on holiday or are they travelling on business? They I spend a lot of time at the airports aren’t wearing business clothes, but he's carrying a briefcase. Every few seconds she looks round. Is someone following them? Perhaps they’re running away and Just a minute, there’s a story in this newspaper. A bank clerk stole one million pounds last week and disappeared with his wife. There’s a picture of them here. Hmmm, they look similar. That’s it! The money’s in the briefcase. I must stop them. They’re going to the departure lounge now. Quick. Oh, just a minute. They’re saying goodbye to each other. The woman isn’t going to the departure lounge. She’s walking away. Oh, well, it was exciting for a moment. Oh, what The woman is kissing another man is she doing now? She’s talking to another man. They’re kissing. Now, I wonder . True ()or False ( )? 1. I travel by plane a lot. 2. Today I’m going to France. 3. At the moment, I’m waiting for my friends at the airport. 4. The couple are kissing at the moment. 5. Whenever I have the time, I watch television. 6. The man is carrying a suitcase. 7. The couple is going to the departure lounge together. 8. The woman is kissing another man.
13. GRAMMAR QUESTIONS 1 What tenses are all the verb forms in texts 1 and 2? What do they express? Are there any differences between their uses? 2 Look at the sentences. Which refers to all time! Which refers to now? 1. a. He has three children. b. He's having a shower. 2. a. He reads a lot of books every year. b. He is reading a book at the moment. 3. a. They watch television everyday. b. They are watching television now. GRAMMAR REVIEW A. Present Simple 1. Form Positive and negative Question I I We live do we You don’t you They live near Where they live? here He lives he She doesn’t does she It live it Yes/No question Short answer Do I Yes, I do. we No, I don’t you like Peter? they Does he speak Yes, he she French? does. it No, he does. 2. Use: The Present Simple is used to express: a. a habit I get up at 7.30. He smoke too much.
14. b. a fact which is always true. Vegetarians don’t eat meat. Water boils at 100oC. We come from Spain. c. a fact which is true for a long time. I live in Oxford. She works in a bank. 3. Time expression: Adverbs of frequency We use some adverbs to describe how frequently we do an activity. Adverb of Frequency Example Sentences Frequency 100% always I always go to bed before 11pm. 90% usually I usually walk to work. 80% normally / generally I normally go to the gym. 70% often I often surf the internet. I sometimes forget my wife's 50% sometimes birthday. 30% occasionally I occasionally eat junk food. 10% seldom / rarely I seldom read the newspaper. 5% hardly ever I hardly ever drink alcohol. 0% never I never swim in the sea. 4. Spelling of the third person singular 1. We add -s to most verbs: work- works, play-plays, drive-drives 2. We add- es to verbs ending in -o (go-goes), s (miss-misses), x (mix-mixes), ch (catch-catches), sh (push-pushes) 3. If the verbs end in -y, change -y into -i and add -es when -y is preceded by a consonant. cry- cries; try-tries 4. If the verbs end in -y, keep -y and add -s when -y is preceded by a vowel : play- plays; stay-stay 5. Pronunciation of “s” or “es” 1. If the verb ends in an unvoiced consonant sound: /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/, /θ/-(thin), pronounce "s" as /s/. 2. When it ends in a voiced consonant sound, /b/, /d/, /g/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /ng/, /r/ or with a vowel sound, /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/, pronounce "s" as /z/. 3. If it ends with /s/ (misses, notices), /z/ (dozes, sneezes), /∫/ (finishes, washes), /t∫/ (watches) , /dʒ/ (manages), pronounce "s" or "-es" as /iz/. B. Present Continuous tense 1. Form am/is/are + v-ing (present participle) Positive and negative Question ‘m I I ‘m A not m Wh at He ‘s workin he She Isn’t g. Is sh doing?
15. It e wearing it ? We we You ‘re ar yo The aren e u y ’t the y Yes/No question Short answer Am I he Yes, she is Is she going? No, she isn’t it singing? Are we you they 2. Use The Present Continuous tense is used to express: 1. an activity happening now. e.g. They’re playing football in the garden. Listen! The birds are singing. 2. an activity happening around now, but perhaps not at the moment of speaking. e.g. She’s studying maths at university. I’m reading a good book by Henry James. 3. a planned future arrangement. e.g. I’m meeting Jane at 10.00 tomorrow. What are you doing this evening? 3. Time expressions: now, at present, at the moment, nowadays, this month, tomorrow, etc e.g. Mary is playing the piano at the moment. She can’t talk now because she’s washing her hair. 4. Attention There are some stative verbs. They express a state- not an action and are not used in the Progressive tenses: 1. Verbs of the senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, notice, etc 2. Verbs of emotions and preferences: like, dislike, love, hate, fear, mind, want, wish, need, prefer, admire, etc. 3. Verbs of perception, belief, knowledge, ownership: think, believe, know, understand, expect, remember, forget, hope, have, own, belong to, etc. 4. Other verbs which describe permanent states: be, cost, weigh, seem, appear, consist (of), depend (on), etc. However, some stative verbs can be used in the progressive forms as well, but they then indicate an action rather than a state and with a difference in meaning as in the following examples: Non-progressive Progressive think I think he is a kind man I am thinking about my mother
16. have He has a car She is having dinner. taste This food tastes sour. The chef is tasting the sauce. smell These flowers smell good. Don is smelling the roses. see I see a butterfly. I am seeing the doctor at 11 a.m. feel The cat's fur feels soft. She is feeling the cat's fur. look She looks so happy. I am looking out the window. appear He appears to be asleep. The actor is appearing on the stage. weigh A piano is heavy. It weighs a The grocer is weighing the bananas. be lot. Tom is being foolish (*) I am hungry. Note: Tom is foolish= Note: Tom is being foolish= Right Foolishness is one of Tom's now, at the moment of speaking, usual characteristics. Tom is doing something that the speaker considers foolish. 5. Spelling 1. We add -ing to most verbs: wait-waiting, do-doing, talk-talking, etc. 2. If a verb ends in -e, omit the -e and add -ing: use-using, come-coming, etc. (but age-ageing) 3. If a single vowel is followed by a single consonant double the final consonant: sit- sitting, get-getting, run-running, etc. (attention: read-reading, check-checking, etc.) 4. We double the last consonant of two-syllable verbs when the second syllable is stressed: be’gin-beginning, ad’mit-admitting, etc. (attention: ‘enter-entering, o’ffer- offering, etc.) 5. If the verb ends in -ie, change to y: lie-lying, die-dying, etc. III. Present Simple and Continuous. Look at the wrong sentences, and compare them with the correct sentences. Hank is coming from Canada.  Hank comes from Canada. This is a great party. Everyone has a good time.  This is a great party. Everyone is having a good time. I read a good book right now.  I’m reading a good book right now. PRACTICE 1. Complete the sentences with the Present Simple form of the verbs in the box. leave forget not / eat go live play have not / speak 1. Anna in the States. 2. She German or Spanish. 3. I often . people’s names. 4. The train . at 10.30 exactly. 5. Mary very healthy food. 6. She shopping for clothes every weekend. 7. Her brother . the guitar. 8. We an English lesson on Sunday afternoons.
17. 2. Complete the interview with Yupin from Thailand. Use the correct form of the Present Simple. I - Yupin, you (1 come) come from Thailand. Tell us about life there. Y - Well, I (2 be) ___ from Bangkok, the capital of Thailand. It’s a beautiful city. The weather (3 be) ___ usually very hot. It (4 not rain) ___ much for most of the year, but during the rainy season it (5 rain) ___ almost every day. I - How interesting! Thailand’s a popular place for tourists, isn’t it? Y - Yes, many people (6 come) ___ from all over the world. Thai people (7 like) ___ foreigners very much. At the moment Thailand (8 make) ___ a lot of money from tourism. I - (9 have) ___ visitors from England ___ a problem with the language? Y - Most Thai people (10 not understand) ___ English very well, so please (11 not speak) ___ too quickly if you go there. I - What can visitors (12 learn) ___ about life in Thailand? Y - We (13 not invite) ___ people to our homes until we (14 know) ___ them well, but we are very friendly and we (15 take) ___ our friends to a restaurant instead. We (16 have) ___ so many excellent places to eat, and meals (17 be) ___ cheap. I - Why (18 be) ___ you here in England, Yupin? Y - I (19 enjoy) ___ travelling, and I (20 want) ___ to visit many different places in Europe. I - Well, I (21 hope) ___ you have a good holiday. Thanks for talking to us. 3. Complete the sentences with the Present Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1. She (study) geography at university. 2. They .(not / go) away this winter. 3. I .(not / enjoy) the meal. 4 he .(see) the doctor tomorrow? 5. Where . Mary and Tom (go) on holiday? 6. Why she (laugh)? 7. All the guests .(have) a great time. 4. Tick () the correct sentences 1. Anna is coming from France. Anna comes from France. 2. They usually go by train. They’re usually going by train. 3. My friend speaks Spanish and German. My friend is speaking Spanish and German. 4. What a great lesson. Everyone enjoys it. What a great lesson! Everyone’s enjoying it. 5. I’m loving black coffee. I love black coffee. 6. Where do you go out tonight? Where are you going out tonight?
18. 5. Complete the sentences with the Present Simple or Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1. Alex (go) to the gym three times a week. 2. I . (think) he’s really fit. 3. We . (meet) Hanna at 9 o’clock tonight. 4. What you (do) now? 5. Amanda always (look) beautiful. 6. you . (come)? The film is starting. 6. Choose the right form of the verbs. 1. Paul’s French. He comes / is coming from Toulouse. 2. It’s very noisy – Suzy listens / ’s listening to rock music. 3. Many birds fly / are flying south every winter. 4. Most students don’t smoke / aren’t smoking these days. 5. Does Mr. Taylor use / Is Mr. Taylor using the computer at the moment? 6. Usually, Jim goes / ’s going to work on Saturdays. 7. Dave helps / is helping a student with her work. 8. Carol doesn’t study / isn’t studying hard for her exam. 9. Cats see / are seeing very well in the dark. 10. You look nice, Anne. Do you wear / Are you wearing a new dress? 11. Japan has / is having many high mountains. 12. I go / ‘m going to work now. Goodbye! 13. I read / ‘m reading a book about astrology. 14. Do you want / Are you wanting to go out tonight? 15. We go / ‘re going to a party on Saturday. 7. What do they do? Or what are they doing? Look at the pictures below then answer the questions. e.g. 1. What does Wendy do? She’s a nurse. 2. Is she working in the hospital now? Yes, she is. 3. What's she doing? She’s looking after a patient. 4. What do these people do? 5. Are they working now? . . 6. What are they doing? . 7. What does Mary do? . . 8. Is she working now? . 9. Where is she at the moment? . 10. What's she doing? .
19. 11. What does she do? . 12. What does she doing now? . 8. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct present tense. I . (work) for a construction company. We . (build) roads, dams, bridges and things like that. At the moment my company (produce) a plan for a new motorway. I usually (work) in the roads department, but this month I (work) in the department that (build) bridges. So my whole working day is different just now. I normally (spend) a lot of time outdoors, because I (go) to the construction sites. But with this new project I (spend) a lot of time in the workshop. At the moment we (test) a model of one of the new bridges. I . . (enjoy) it a lot, because I (learn) a lot new things. READING LIVING IN THE USA Read the text. Are the statements True () or False ( )? LIVING IN THE USA Roberto came from Acapulco to New York ten years ago. At first he missed everything – the sunshine, the food, his girlfriend. But now he has a successful business with his three brothers and his sister. They run a soccer store in New Brunswick. Roberto’s girlfriend is now his wife, and they have two children who go to American schools. When asked why he came to the US, Roberto says without hesitation, “Because I want to work hard and be successful.” He certainly works hard. He’s at the store all day, then works as a driver in the evening. “That’s why I like America,” he says. “You can be what you want.” “When I first came here, I didn’t speak the language, and it was winter. It was so cold! There was snow! Now nearly all my family are here, not only in New York, but also in California, and in Texas. We meet about once a month and have a huge
20. Mexican meal that takes about five hours! We’re all happy here.” 1. Roberto came to New York with his girlfriend. 2. Roberto’s sister lives in New York. 3. Roberto’s family runs a sports shop. 4. Roberto is married. 5. Roberto didn’t want to come to America. 6. Roberto has two jobs. 7. Roberto couldn’t speak English at first. 8. The weather was a problem for Roberto. 9. All Roberto’s family now lives in New York. 10. Some of Roberto’s family want to go back to Mexico. VOCABULARY Daily life 1. Match the verbs and nouns. have the news on TV have an email wash your friends clear up the mess watch your hair do a shower text breakfast send the washing-up
21. make to music cook magazines relax your homework go a meal listen a cup of coffee put on make-up do in front of the TV read to the toilet 2. Where do you usually do the activities in exercise 1? Write them in the chart. Kitchen bathroom living room bedroom 3. Complete these sentences with the correct words 1. John never has . on weekdays, only at weekends because he goes to work very early. 2. My brother has a hot . every morning and every evening. 3. I . my hair three times a week. 4. I didn’t have time to put on any . this morning. 5. Mary never . books or newspapers, she only . music magazines. 6. I don’t often . the washing-up because we have a dishwasher. 7. I’m going to . a cup of coffee . Does anybody want one? 8. My parents usually ten o’clock news on TV. 9. My sister says I . my friends so much. 10. You made this mess, so you it up! 11. Can I an email from your computer? 12. How can you to music while you’re working? 13. She is always so tired after work, she just want to in front of the TV. 14. My mum cooked a for ten people last night. 15. I didn’t forget to my homework, I forgot to bring it. 16. Can you wait for a minute? I need to . to the toilet. LISTENING Listen and fill in the blank: Hi, my name is Carly and I (1) Australia. But I live near London now with my (2) Dave and our three children. I came to Britain . (3) years ago when I got married. I’m a student with the Open University. This means I watch special (4) on the television and work at home. I send my (5) to my course teacher every week. I’m studying art and the course is really . (6). At the moment, I’m reading about Italian painters in (7), which is difficult because I only . (8) a little Italian. My course started a year ago and it’s
22. (9) years long. After I graduate, I’m going to . (10) a job in an art gallery or museum. WRITING A. LINKING WORDS: but, although, and however, so and because 1. Read these sentences. They all mean the same. How are they different? - I don’t write many letters but I send emails a lot. - Although I don’t write many letters, I send emails a lot. - I don’t write many letters. However, I send emails a lot. Note: But, however, although are linking words. They can contrast ideas but they are used differently. But stands between the two clauses of a complex sentence, although stand at the beginning of a complex sentence while however stands at the beginning of a simple sentence, after another simple one. 2. Read these sentences: a. He lived in France for many years, so he speaks French very well. b. He speaks French well because he lived in France for many years. Which pattern goes with which sentences? a. Result Cause b. Cause  Result Note: So is used to express the result of the statement before while because expresses the reason or cause of something. Practice Writing 1. Join these pairs of sentences in three different ways using but, however, and although. 1. Mary’s a good friend. We don’t meet often. . 2. Claire isn’t English. She speaks English fluently. . 3. It rained a lot. We enjoyed the holiday. . 4. My sister can speak Chinese. She can’t write it. . 5. I haven’t got a car. I’ve got a bike. . 2. Join the pairs of sentences in two different ways, using so and because. 1. She went home. She was tired. . 2. We didn't enjoy our holiday. The weather was bad. . 3. He worked hard. He passed all his exams. . 4. I enjoy history lessons. I like the teacher.
23. . 5. It started to rain. We stopped playing tennis. . 3. Rewrite these sentences below using although, but, so, however. 1. He can’t do this exercise because he isn’t very good at maths. 2. The film is so boring, so he doesn’t want to watch it. 3. She was very tired but she managed to finish her work on time. 4. She made all her effort but she still failed the exams. 5. My sister didn’t go out with us because she had a lot of work to do. B. AN EMAIL 1. Read the email below. Who is writing to who? Why? What news does she give? Complete the email with these linking words: but , although, however, so, because. From: “Leseignoux Soazig” Date: Wed, 27 Apr. 20:07:36 + 0100 (BTS) To: “Mary Brown” Subject: Re: Do you remember me? How wonderful to hear from you. Of course I remember you, (1) . it's over eight years since we last met. Who gave you my email address? It was great to learn a bit about you and your family. You asked what I'm doing these days, (2) here's some of my news. First things first— I married Thomas! I know you never liked him much, (3) you'll probably be pleased to hear that we're now divorced. (4) , we still see each other a lot 5) we have two children, Alan and Max. They're 7 and 5 now and they're good boys, (6) of course, they're sometimes a bit of a handful. We moved from Birmingham (7) I didn't want the boys to grow up in a big city. We now live in a big, old farmhouse in Wales. It's really beautiful (8) it's expensive to look after (9) it's so old. Thomas still lives in Birmingham, (10) he often visits and the boys always spend part of their holidays with him. I know you're busy (11) I'd love you to visit us soon and meet my new husband. Yes, I'm married again. Do you remember Richard Taylor? He was older than us and I think you liked him a lot! Well, we got married a year ago. Can you believe it? I can't wait to hear more of your news, (12) write very soon. Love Leseignoux Soazig 2. PRACTICE WRITING
24. Write an email to your old friend and tell him / her about your life. Use the phrases below. Dear X How wonderful/amazing to hear from you. I was so surprised /What a wonderful surprise .! How did you get my email address? It was great to hear your news. Let me tell you something about my life. I can't believe that Guess what! Do you remember ? Let's keep in touch. Best wishes/All the best C. Guided sentence building: Use the following sets of words and phrases to write complete sentences 1. What programme/ she/ often/ watch? 2. woman/ at the newsagent's/ carry/ briefcase 3. Paul's father/ work/ an instruction company 4. You/ listen/ radio/ morning? 5. Your heart/ beat/ approximately/ 75 times/ a minute 6. You cannot see her now. She/ have/ a meeting. WHAT HAPPENED NEXT ? 2 UNIT Past Simple / Past Continuous / Adverbs WARM UP Here are the past tense forms of some irregular verbs. Write the infinitives Infinitive b d g tel thin pu spea ge hav Mak com sa s e o o l k t k t e e e y
25. Past form PRESENTATION Read the text below. An embarrassing accident One day last summer Tom was walking through the local park. It was a hot day and he was eating an ice cream. As he was walking past the boating lake, he saw his friends, Carol and Jim. They were taking their dog for a walk. When they met, they stopped for a chat. While they were talking, the dog suddenly jumped up and tried to get Tom’s ice cream. He pulled his hand away and unfortunately the ice cream came out of the cone. Now there was a bald man behind him. The poor man wasn’t doing any harm. He was just sitting on a bench and reading a newspaper. Well, when he pulled his hand away, the ice cream flew through the air and it landed on the man’s head. Tom didn’t know whether to laugh or cry, but Carol and Jim did. When he looked at them, they weren’t just laughing, they were in hysterics. But he was terribly embarrassed. Say whether these sentences below true ()or false ( ) 1. It was an autumn day. 2. Tom was playing football when he saw Carol and Jim. 3. He was drinking a beer because it was very hot. 4. Carol and Jim were walking with their baby. 5. They didn’t stopped to talk when they met. 6. There was an old woman behind Tom when Tom, Carol and Jim were talking. 7. The man was reading a novel. 8. The ice cream landed on the man’s hand. 9. Jim and Carol weren’t laughing. They were crying. 10. Tom wasn’t embarrassed. GRAMMAR QUESTIONS 1. What tenses are the verbs in the text above? 2. How do we form the questions and negative of verbs in these tenses. 3. Look et these sentences. What is the difference between them? When we arrived, Mary made some coffee. When we arrived, Mary was making some coffee. GRAMMAR REVIEW I. THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE Form The form of the Past Simple is the same for all persons. Positive and negative Question
26. I I He arrived he She went out she It yesterday. When did it arrive? We didn’t we You arrive you They didn’t go they out Yes/No question: Did you go to work yesterday? Short answer: Yes, I did. / No, I don’t. Spelling of regular verbs: - We add -ed to most regular verbs: wait-waited, open-opened, offer-offered, etc. - If a verb ends in -e, add -d: use-used, arrive-arrived, etc. - If a single vowel is followed by a single consonant double the final consonant: stop- stopped, drop-dropped, plan-planned, etc. - We double the last consonant of two-syllable verbs when the second syllable is stressed: prefer-preferred - If the verb ends in -y and y is preceded by a consonant, change -y to -i and add –ed: study-studied, try-tried - If the verb ends in -y and -y is preceded by a vowel, keep the -y: enjoy-enjoyed, stay- stayed Use 1. The Past Simple expresses a past action that is now finished. e.g. We played tennis last Sunday. I worked in London from 1994 to 1 999. John left two minutes ago. 2. The Simple Past tense is also used for a past habit: e.g. He always carried an umbrella. They never drank wine. 3. The Past Simple is used in Conditional sentences, type 2 e.g. If I were you, I’d forget all about it. If I had a car, I would give you a lift. 4. Time expressions: last year. last month. I did it five years ago. yesterday morning.
27. In 1995 II. THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE Form Was/were + verb-ing (present participle) Positive and negative Question I I He was he She wasn’t working What was she It singsong. it doing? We we you You were were they They weren’t Yes /No question Were you working yesterday? Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. Use 1. The Past Continuous expresses a past activity that has duration. e.g. / had a good time while I was living in Paris. You were making a lot of noise last night. Were you having a party? 2. The activity was in progress before, and probably after, a time in the past. e.g. 'What were you doing at 8.00 last night?' 'I was watching TV.' When I woke up this morning, the sun was shining. III. Past Simple and Continuous 1 The Past Simple expresses completed past actions. The Past Continuous expresses activities in progress. Compare: // rained every day of our holiday. We went for a swim even though it was raining. 2 A Past Simple action can interrupt a Past Continuous activity in progress. When I phoned Simon he was having a shower. I was doing my homework when Jane arrived. 3 In stories, the Past Continuous can describe the scene. The Past Simple tells the action. It was a beautiful day. The sun was shining and the birds were singing, so we decided to go for a picnic. We put everything in the car 4 Notice how the questions refer to different time periods. What were you doing when you lost your passport?
28. I was shopping. What did you do when you lost your passport? →I went to the police station. IV. Prepositions in time expressions At In on at six o'clock in 2007 on Saturday at midnight in the morning/afternoon/ evening on Monday morning at Christmas in December on Christmas Day at the weekend in summer on January 18 in two weeks' time no preposition yesterday (evening) last night / week the day before yesterday two weeks ago PRACTICE 1. Complete the sentences with the Past Simple of the verbs in brackets. 1. Mary . (stop) working at 6 p.m. 2. My wife and I (work) in a hotel last summer. 3. We (not/see) our grandparents last week. 4. Mike and Peter (go) to Finland in July? 5. My sister (leave) school in 1995. 6. When Tom (arrive)? 7. Mike .(fix) my computer for me last night. 8. My parents (have) a house by the sea. 9. When the programme (finish)? 10. They (organize) a surprise party for her. 11. I . (visit) Istanbul in 1995. I (go) there with my friend. We only . (speak) English unfortunately! Sometimes people (not understand) us, but it (not matter). They (be) very friendly. We . (see) many beautiful buildings including the Aya Sophia Mosque. We (not have) much money so we (try) to live cheaply. We . (eat) a lot of bread and cheese. We (have) a wonderful time in Turkey and I’m sure we’ll go back there some days. 2. Match the verb phrases. Make sentences using both verbs in the past. Join the sentences with so, because, and, or but. A B
29. 1. phone ring a. mend it 2. feel ill b. pass it 3. make a sandwich c. wash my hair 4. have a shower d. nobody laugh 5. lose my passport e. be hungry 6. call the police f. go to bed 7. printer break g. say sorry 8. forget her birthday h. find it later 9. take my driving test i. answer it 10. tell a joke j. hear a strange noise e.g. 1 + i: The phone rang, so I answer it. 3. Talking about you Answer these questions: What did you do ? • last night • on your last birthday • last weekend • last New Year's Eve • on your last holiday e.g. I went to the pub last night. 4. Choose the correct verb form. 1. Anna saw / was seeing a good programme on TV last night. 2. While she shopped / was shopping this morning, she lost / was losing her wallet. She doesn’t know how. 3. Last week the police stopped / were stopping Peter because he drove / he was driving at over eighty miles an hour. 4. “How did you break / were you breaking your leg?” “I skied / was skiing and I hit / was hitting a tree.” 5. When we arrived / were arriving at the party, everyone had / was having a good time. 6. Did you have / Were you having a good time last night? 7. How did she cut / was she cutting her finger? She cut / was cutting it while she peeled / was peeling onions. 5. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the Past Simple or Past Continuous. 1. While Mike . (go) to work this morning, he . (meet) an old friend. 2. I (not / want) to get up this morning. It (rain) and it was cold, and my bed was so warm. 3. The phone (ring) just as Mary (leave) the office. 4. When she (pick) up the phone, there was no-one there. 5. I . (say) hello to the children, but they didn’t say anything because they (watch) television. 6. It was such a terrible night! The wind (1) . (blow) and the trees (2) (make) a lot of noise. Suddenly, I (3) (hear) a big crash of thunder and it (4) (start) to rain . . As I (5) . (run) home, I (6) (fall) over and got soaking wet. The rain (7) (come) down so hard that it (8) (be) difficult to see anything. I was very happy when I finally (9) (arrive) back at my house. 6. Choose the correct preposition. 1. They started the course on / at / in April.
30. 2. Let's meet on / in / at 8.30. 3. I went to university in / at / on the 1990s. 4. What would you like to do at / in / on the morning? 5. We always go shopping on / in / at the weekend. 6. Wendy bought a car at / on / in November. 7. Do you eat special food at / on / in Christmas? 8. What did he do at / on / in Sunday? 9. I'll give you a call at / on / in two weeks' time. 10. In / On / At New Year's Day we often go to the beach. 7. Complete the time expressions with the correct prepositions. Sunday the morning 1999 six o’clock March spring . three days . Christmas Wednesday afternoon . April 1st the weekend . night 8. Complete the sentences with ago, when, last 1. My parents moved to London . I was five. 2. I left college three years 3. I found a flat on my own year. 4. . we got home, we listened to some music. 5. I bought a car a few weeks . 6. I had an accident night. 7. I didn't go home weekend because some friends came to stay. READING Read the text. Are the statements true ()or false ( )? Correct the wrong sentences
31. HETTY GREEN The Witch of Wall Street Henrietta (Hetty) Green was a very spoilt, only child. She was born in Massachusetts, USA, in 1835. Her father was a millionaire businessman. Her mother was often ill, and so from the age of two her father took her with him to work and taught her about stocks and shares. At the age of six she started reading the daily financial newspapers and she opened her own bank account. Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited $7.5 million. She went to New York and invested on Wall Street. Hetty saved every penny, eating in the cheapest restaurants for 15 cents. She became one of the richest and most hated women in the world. She was called ‘The Witch of Wall Street’. At 33 she married Edward Green, a multi-millionaire, and had two children, Ned and Sylvia. Hetty’s meanness was legendary. She always argued about prices in shops. She walked to the local grocery store to buy broken cookies (biscuits) which were much cheaper, and to get a free bone for her much-loved dog, Dewey. Once she lost a two-cent stamp and spent the night looking for it. She never bought clothes and always wore the same long, ragged black skirt. Worst of all, when her son Ned fell and injured his knee, she refused to pay for a doctor and spent hours looking for free medical help. In the end Ned’s leg was amputated. When she died in 1916 she left her children $100 million (worth $9.3 billion today). Her daughter built a hospital with her money. 1 Hetty came from a big family. 2 Hetty’s mother and father worked together. 3 Hetty learnt about money from her father. 4 Hetty made $7.5 million from investments. 5 Hetty was generous with her money. 6 Hetty married a man with two children. 7 Hetty saved money by buying cheap food. 8 Hetty’s clothes were untidy. 9 The doctor saved Ned’s leg. 10 Hetty’s daughter was as mean as her mother. VOCABULARY
32. Read the poem below look at the words in bold and Italic: I ran into your arm so happily, You looked at me guiltily, You spoke to me quite softly, I turned and walked away sadly. Gradually I learned to smile again. 1. What do these words have in common? How to form these words? To what part of speech do they belong to? 2. These words above are called adverbs. Many adverbs end in –ly. Match an adverb in A and a verb in B and make sentences with it. B A quietly peacefully dream creep wake up heavily get out of bed whisper urgently suddenly breathe slowly 3. In which of these sentences can the adverb change position? Rewrite them. 1. Tidy your room first. Then you can go out. 2. Can you possibly tell me the time? 3. We went for a walk. It started to rain unfortunately. ADVERBS REVIEW 1. Form: a. Normally, an adverb is formed by adding –ly in to its corresponding adjective.  e.g. quick – quickly grave-gravely immediate-immediately b. However, - A final y changes to i: happy-happily - A final e is retained: extreme-extremely (Exception: true, due, whole) - Adjectives ending in able/ible drop the final e and add y: capable- capably c. Exceptions  Some adjectives ending in -ly eg. friendly, likely, lonely, etc cannot be used as adverbs and have no adverb form.  To supply this deficiency we use a similar adverb or adverb phrase:  likely (adj) –probably (adv);  friendly (adj)-in a friendly way d. There are also many adverbs that do not end in –ly such as back, still, here, again, first, together, just, straight, 2. Position 1. Adverbs do not usually go between a verb and its object.
33. E.g. You speak English well. ( NOT You speak well English.) I did my homework quickly. (NOT I did quickly my homework.) 2. Some adverbs can change position. e.g. It rain all day yesterday. / Yesterday it rained all day. I woke up suddenly. / Suddenly I woke up. PRACTICE 1. Rewrite the sentences with the adverbs in brackets. 1. I was dreaming when a loud noise woke me up. (peacefully, suddenly) 2. My Grandma is 75 and she goes swimming, (nearly, still, regularly) 3. I unlocked the door and went into the night, (quietly, outside) 4. She whispered in his ear, 'Do you love me?' 'I do,' he replied, (softly, really, of course) 5. I was relaxing with a good book when someone knocked on the door, (just, really, loudly) 6. Break the eggs into a bowl and mix them with the flour, (first, then, together) 7. I got up and crept to the front door, (quickly, downstairs) 8. I work and I do my homework, but I don't get good marks (hard, carefully, still) 2. Write the sentences with the adjectives and adverbs in the correct place. 1. A dog jumped up at me. (large, suddenly) A large dog suddenly jumped up at me. 2. Thank you for your invitation. I can't come. (kind, unfortunately) 3. I got out of bed and went to make a cup of tea. (downstairs, nice) 4. We had a meal and went to the theatre. (lovely, then) 5. I was sitting at home when something happened. (last Thursday evening, very strange) 6. He's got three sisters and I've got three sisters. (older, too) 7. There was a documentary on TV last night. I enjoyed it. (good, very much) 8. I worked all week. (really hard, last) 3. Correct the word order in the sentences. 1. I like very much modern art. . 2. She plays very well the piano. . 3. He explained quickly the situation. . 4. I went last night to the cinema. . 5. I visit often my grandparents. . 4. Complete the sentences with an adverb from the box. mainly possibly happily exactly badly well really nearly seriously straight 1. Our team lost the match because they played so 2. I did in the exam. I got 85%. 3. A Are you going out? B I don't know yet. 4. My son's eight. It's his birthday next week. 5. The exam was difficult. I couldn't do any of it. 6. I travel a lot in my job, to Europe. 7. There was an accident, but no one was injured. 8. I thought Jane and Henry were married, but they just got divorced. 9. A How do I get to the station? B Go .on, and turn left at the traffic lights.
34. 10. I have . £3.52 in my pocket. Not much, is it? 5. Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1. What time did you got up this morning? 2. I no liked Tom Cruise's new film. 3. Jane studied very hard for her exams and past them all. 4. What did you do in your last birthday? 5. I had a shower when the phone rang. 6. I was taking my driving test three times before I passed. 7. David telled a joke but nobody laughed. 8. The baby peacefully was sleeping. 9. What did you do in Monday evening? 10. Where did you live when you met Frank? LISTENING Listen and fill in the blank: 1- going to lead the tour? - The director will. 2- . is the women’s department? - It’s on the fourth floor. 3- She’s the new supervisor, ? - Yes ,she was hired yesterday. 4- Have you seen ? - Yes , It was on the shelf. 5- late yesterday? - No, I left at noon. 6- walk or take a taxi? - Let’s walk! I could use the exercise 7- does it take to get to New York? - Around two hours. 8- for a living? - I’m an accounting manager. 9- to attend the weekly meeting? - Yes, and I’ll have to present my research. 10- are you going with? - T&L Entreprises I’d say. WRITING 1. Makes sentences from words below: 1. When Judy / be / young / she / want / be / nurse 2. I / be / very / surprised / get / letter. 3. you / have / good / time / New York? . 4. I / look / forward / hear / all / about / it. 5. I / my homework / two hour ago. 6. Weather / so / bad / I / not / go / work 7. you / interested / listen / pop music / classical music? 8. While / Mr. White / work / garden / Mrs. White / cook / kitchen. 9. She / a bath / every morning. 10. We / spend / time / learn / English / French. .
35. 2. Write the Past Simple sentences in the correct order. 1. lost / Jack / his job / ago / a month 2. didn't / last / We / have / year / a holiday 3. lunchtime / We / to the park / yesterday / a picnic / took 4. sent / you /I / an email / but / reply / didn't 5. go / Why / night / did / so late / you / to bed / last 3. Look at the pictures. What do you think the story is about? Use the prompts for pictures 1-4 to write the story of Aunt Camilla's Portrait. Picture 1 My Aunt Camilla old and very One day in the mirror suddenly decided that a portrait of herself. Immediately, she the world-famous portrait painter, Rolf Unwin. Picture 2 Twice a week she his studio. Rolf painted her He didn't want see the picture until Picture 3 Finally, the portrait ready. My aunt excited and hurried The portrait exactly like my aunt. Unfortunately, she and refused She ordered him to Picture 4
36. This time didn't visit the studio After another three months, the portrait ready and my aunt see it. The face a beautiful girl. It didn't like my aunt at all, she loved It. She paid Rolf 4. Here’s another picture story. “The French Burglar”. It’s a true story! Write the story, using the prompts for each picture. Use as many adverbs and adjectives as you can. 1. One . summer’s evening last June, a burglar broke into a . house in Paris. First he living room and put 2. Next . kitchen to . He opened and saw cheese. 3. feeling hungry, so he took ,,,,,,,,, and sat . Then he remembered . 4. He went back and quickly 5. After that . upstairs to , but suddenly really tired, so 6. Unfortunately, asleep ., and the next morning when
37. THE MARKET PLACE 3 Count and uncount nouns / Quantity / articles UNIT WARM UP 1. Find as many words about foot and drink as you can. e.g. apple, orange, grape, coca-cola, milk, etc. 2. Continue this sentence below: e.g. Yesterday, I went shopping and I bought an apple, PRESENTATION 1 1. Read the text and look at the picture below. The Pyramid diet We’ve had them all- the High Fibre diet, the Protein diet, the Hip and Thigh diet. And here’s the latest- the Pyramid diet. But this isn’t a diet to help people lose weight. It’s a diet for a healthy life. The Pyramid diet is very simple. Different kinds of food are at different levels of the pyramid, the less you should eat. At the bottom of the pyramid are complex carbohydrates like bread, pasta and potatoes. These provide fibre and energy. About 50% of your diet should be complex carbohydrates. At the second level are fruit These also provide a lot of calcium.
38. and vegetables, such as apples and carrots. These protein-rich foods should be These should be about 30% of your diet, about 18% of your diet. At the top of the They provide vitamins and minerals as well pyramid are fat, oil and sugar. We as fibre. should eat as little as possible of things Above fruit and vegetables are the protein- at this level. rich foods like meat, fish, beans and cheese. a. Answer the questions: 1. What is about? 2. What is the purpose of the diet? 3. Who is it for? 4. Why is it called the Pyramid diet? b. Grammar questions: Look at the two group of words from the text: . nouns . nouns potato, apple, carrot, vitamin, bean bread, pasta, calcium, meat, cheese Answer the questions: 1. Which can we make plural? 2. Which can we use a or an with? 3. Write the words uncountable and countable at the top of the correct columns. 2. Nick is at the super market, he is speaking to his wife, Sarah, on the phone. Read and complete the conversation with the quantities in the box with the items on the shopping list. a large tube six rolls a kilo four or five big ones a dozen a bottle of red one brown loaf 200g of Cheddar Conversation: Nick: It just say milk here. How much milk do we need? Sarah: . N: And eggs? How many eggs? S: . N: And what about potatoes? How many potatoes? S: is enough . 3. Read the rest of the conversation and underline the quantifiers. N: Is that everything? S: Let’s have a look. We’ve got some apples, but there aren’t any bananas. And we’ve got some tea, but there isn’t any coffee. N: Ok, bananas and coffee. What about orange juice? Is there any orange juice left? S: Let’s see. There’s a little but not much. N: Orange juice, then. And vegetables? Have we got many vegetables? S: Well, we’ve got some broccoli and a few carrots, but there aren’t many onions. N: Right, onions S: Oh, and don’t forget – your nephews are coming tomorrow! we need something for them.
39. N: Ok, lots of crisps and ice cream. Anything else? S: I don’t think so. But for goodness sake, don’t forget the nappies. Oh an a big bunch of flowers for me! GRAMMAR QUESTIONS: 1. When do we use “some”? When do we use “any”? 2. When do we use “a little”, “a few”, “much” and “many”? GRAMMAR REVIEW EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY 1. Count nouns and uncount nouns Look at these examples below: I bought a some eggs and some milk. I haven’t got any free time at the moment. I want to meet my friends soon. → Is there any differences between the nouns in bold, italic? Can we count one egg, two eggs, , one milk, two milk? It is important to understand the difference between count and uncount nouns. Count nouns Uncount nouns a cup water a girl sugar an apple milk an egg music a pound money We can say three cups, two girls, ten pounds. We can count them. We cannot say two waters, three musics, one money, etc. We cannot count them. Count nouns can be singular or plural. This cup is full. → These cups are empty. Uncount nouns can be only singular. The water is cold. The weather was terrible. 2. Expressions of quantity a. Much and many * We use much with uncount nouns in questions and negatives. e.g. How much milk is there in the fridge? I don’t buy much meat. * We use many with count nouns in question and negatives: e.g. How many books do you have? I didn’t take many photos on holiday. b. Some and any Some Any - used in positive sentence -used in negatives Ex: I want to buy some potatoes Ex: We don’t have any washing up liquid. -used in question that are requests or -used in questions offers Ex: Is there any sugar in this tea? Ex: Would you like some tea? Note: The rules are the same for the compounds someone, something, anything, nothing, etc. e.g. I’ve got something for you.
40. Hello? Is anybody there? There isn’t anywhere to go in my town. c. A few and a little * We use a few with count nouns. e.g. They have a few minutes to finish this work. * We use a little with uncount nouns. e.g. They have a little time to finish this work. d. A lot of/ lots of * We use a lot of and lots of with both count and uncount nouns. e.g. There is a lot of butter. I’ve got lots of friends. * A lot of and lots of can be used in questions and negatives. e.g. Are there lots of tourists in your country? There isn’t a lot of rice for us. PRACTICE 1.Complete the sentences with some and any. 1. Has Mary got .brothers or sisters? 2. They don’t need .olive oil. 3. Here are .letters for you. 4. We need money. 5. We haven't got paper. 6. I'll buy paper when I go to the shops. 7. Is there . petrol in the car? 8. Yes. I put in yesterday. 9. I bought fruit, but they didn't have vegetables. 10. Do you have change? I need 50p. 11. I saw .change on the table a minute ago. 12. I need help with my homework. 13. I don't have free time today. Sorry. 14. Did you have problems with this exercise? 15. Can I have more milk, please? 16. I haven’t got work to do. 17. Is there news about the new project? 18. We went out with . friends last night. 19. Could you get me stamps, please? 20. There isn’t . information on the computer about this. 2. Complete the sentences with much and many. 1. Have you got .homework? 2. I don’t need .eggs. Just half a dozen. 3. Is there traffic in your town? 4. There aren’t students in my class. 5. How .people live in your house? 3. Complete the sentences with a little, a few, or a lot of. 1. She has close friends. Two or three. 2. He has money. He's a millionaire. 3. “Do you take sugar in coffee?” “Just . Half a spoonful.” 4. “Have you got CDs?” “Hundreds.” 5. I’ll be ready in minutes. 6. I've learnt a lot of Spanish, but only Russian. 4. Write questions with How much? or How many?
41. 1. We've got some eggs. How many eggs have we got? 2. She earns a fortune! How much money does she earn? 3. She has a lot of children. . 4. Can you buy some butter? . 5. Their house has a lot of bedrooms. . want? 6. Some people are coming for a meal on Sunday. . 7. Shakespeare wrote a lot of plays. . 8. We need some flour. . 5. Complete the sentences with any, some, much, many, or a lot of, lots of. 1. There are apples. 2. The shop hasn't got . washing powder. 3. There's . oil. 4. The shop has got bottles of water. 5. There isn't frozen food. 6. There aren't sweets. 7. The shop's got cheese. 8. I can see newspapers. 9. But I can't see magazines. 10. There isn't yoghurt. 11. The shop hasn't got birthday cards. 12. There are grapes. 13. The shop hasn’t got bread. 14. But there’s rice! 6. Match the line in A with a line in B and a line in C. A B C 1. . Does your tooth hurt? a. It takes them about an hour a night? 2. Were there many people at the party? b. I’m trying to lose weight. 3. Would you like some cream? A few. c. But most of the students come from 4. Are there many Spanish people in your class? A little. France. 5. Do you get many letters? d. I’m going to the dentist tomorrow. 6. Do your children get a lot of homework? e. But no one that you know. f. But most of them are bills. 7. Complete the sentences with the correct word. some thing any one / body every + where no 1. I went shopping, but I didn’t buy 2. Don’t let touch my computer while I’m out. 3. Is listening to me! 4. Listen! I’ve important to tell you. 5. He doesn’t care; he’ll watch . on television!
42. 6. That meal was huge. I couldn’t eat else! 7. If . asks, tell them I’ve got a cold. 8 She needs to help her choose a birthday present. 9 Have you got to take the pain away? 10. phoned but they didn’t leave their name. 11. Would please explain what happened? 12. A Did you meet . nice at the party? B Yes. I met who know you! 13. A Ouch! There's in my eye. B Let me look. No, I can't see . 14. A Let's go hot for our holidays. B Yes, but we can't go that's too expensive. 15. A I'm so unhappy. . loves me. B I know who loves you. Me. 16. I've lost my glasses. I've looked , but I can't find them. 17. A Did you buy at the shops? B No, . I didn't have any money. 18. I'm bored. I want interesting to read, or interesting to talk to, or interesting to go. 19. It was a great party. . loved it. 8. Choose the correct word. 1. A Did someone / anyone / no one phone when I was out? B No, no one / someone / anyone. 2. When we got to the meeting, there was somewhere / everywhere / nowhere to sit because it was so full. 3. Jane knows no one / anyone/ someone who can help you - her friend Sue. 4. He invited all his friends to his wedding and was pleased because everyone / someone / anyone came. 5. I don't have anything / nothing / something to wear to my interview. 6. George looked everywhere / somewhere / nowhere for his car keys but he couldn't find them somewhere / anywhere / nowhere. 7. Children who have something / anything / everything are often called spoilt. 8. There's nothing / everything / something I want to tell you. Can you keep a secret? 9. Choose the correct option. 1 Just a few/a little milk in my coffee, please. 2 There's lots of /a few sugar in the cupboard. 3 Let's play a few /a little more songs. 4 I don't know anything/something about it. 5 There isn't a lot of/many time, but we'll get there. 6 Luke's got something/anything to tell you. 7 There is a few/a lot of traffic in Athens. 8 Is nobody/anybody in the house? 10. Use a word from the box to complete the conversations.
43. something anything everything someone/somebody anywhere no- one/nobody anyone/anybody (x2) somewhere nothing nowhere 1. A I think I can hear walking on the stairs! B Hello, is there . there? A I can't see B O.K. There's obviously there. 2. A Let's go nice this weekend. B Good. We didn't go last weekend. 3. A What's the matter? B Oh, I'm going to a party on Saturday and I can't find to wear! A Don't worry. I've got . you can borrow. 4. A Where did you go on holiday? B . I just stayed at home. 5. A What did you buy at the shops? B . . . was too expensive 11. Circle the correct word or words. 1. Let’s have ice-cream / an ice-cream. 2. I’d like glass / a glass of milk, please. 3. How often do you eat chocolate / a chocolate ? 4. I read paper / a paper every day. 5. This table is made of glass / a glass. 6. They don’t like chocolate / a chocolate. 7. Does he like cake / a cake? 8. Would you like coffee / a coffee ? 9. Please have cake / a cake. 10. I never drink coffee / a coffee. PRESENTATION 2 THE HAPPIEST MAN I KNOW My uncle owns a general store in a small town north of Boston. The store sells a lot of things- bread, milk, fruit, vegetables, newspapers, tools, videotapes- almost everything! It is also the town post office. The children in the town always stop to buy sweets or ice- cream on their way home from school. My uncle doesn’t go out of town very often. He doesn’t like to drive, so once a month he goes by bus to the next town and has lunch at a nice restaurant with some friends. He is one of the happiest men I know. GRAMMAR QUESTIONS Read the text above and: 1. Find examples of the definite article (the) + noun and the indefinite article (a / an) + noun. 2. Find examples of nouns without an article. 3. Are there any differences between definite article and indefinite article? GRAMMAR REVIEW ARTICLES
44. Examples: He has a shop in an old village by the river Thames. I bought a book by Graham Greene yesterday. The book is very interesting. A, an, the in these sentences above are called articles. 1. The indefinite article a or an is used with singular, countable nouns to refer to a thing or an idea for the first time. e.g. We have a cat and a dog. There's a supermarket in Adam Street. 2. The definite article the is used with singular and plural, countable and uncountable nouns when both the speaker and the listener know the thing or idea already. e.g. We have a cat and a dog. The cat is old, but the dog is just a puppy. I'm going to the supermarket. Do you want anything? (We both know which supermarket.) Indefinite article The indefinite article is used: 1. with professions. e.g. I'm a teacher. She's an architect. 2. with some expressions of quantity. a pair of a little a couple of a few 3. in exclamations with what + a count noun. e.g. What a lovely day! What a pity! What clever children! Definite article The definite article is used: 1. before seas, rivers, hotels, pubs, theatres, museums, and newspapers. e.g. the Atlantic the British Museum The Times the Ritz 2. if there is only one of something. e.g. the sun the Queen the Government 3. with superlative adjectives. e.g. He's the richest man in the world. Jane's the oldest in the class. No article There is no article: 1. before plural and uncountable nouns when talking about things in general. e.g. / like potatoes. Milk is good for you. 2. before countries, towns, streets, languages, magazines, meals, airports, stations, and mountains. e.g. / had lunch with Paul. I bought Cosmopolitan at Paddington Station. 3. before some places and with some forms of transport. at home in/to bed by car at/to by bus by plane school/university at/to work by train on foot e.g. She goes to work by bus. I was at home yesterday evening.
45. 4. in exclamations with what + an uncount noun. e.g. What beautiful weather! What loud music! Note In the phrase go home, there is no article and no preposition. I went home early. NOT / went to home early. PRACTICE 1. Write a, an, or nothing to complete these sentences. e.g. I'd like a sandwich, please. He asked me for .Φ money. 1. They wanted information about the trains. 2. I'd like .apple and orange, please. 3. They've got very big house. 4. Do you like fast cars? 5. We watched films all afternoon. 6. Have you got umbrella? 7. I asked for bread and cheese. 8. Are you drinking milk? 9. I had glass of water. 10. He gave me orange. 11. Is there telephone here? 12. We had eggs for breakfast. 13. I like coffee and tea. 2. Correct these sentences using a, an or the. 1. I'm going to shops. Would you like anything? 2. My brother's architect in big company in London. 3. Tokyo is capital city of Japan. 4. I bought pair of sunglasses on Oxford Street. 5. I live in small village in mountains in Switzerland. 6. What beautiful new coat you're wearing! 7. I'm reading interesting book at the moment. 8. The life is wonderful when the sun is shining. 3. Complete the sentences with a/an, the, or nothing(-). 1. I have two children, boy and girl. boy is 22 and . girl is 20. 2. Mike is . soldier in army, and Linda is in college. 3. My wife goes to work by train. She’s . accountant. I don’t have job. I stay at home and take care of . children. 4. What beautiful day! Why don’t we go out for picnic in park? 5. “What did you have for lunch?” “Just sandwich.” 6. There was old Learjet for sale! .famous film star paid lot of money for it. 7. film star who bought Learjet collects airplanes. 8. eBay is very clever idea. It's biggest market in world. 9. I don't go out to work. I work at home on my computer. 10. I do all my shopping on . Internet. What . great way to shop!
46. 11. I bought CD and a book for . friend for her birthday. Unfortunately he's got . CD. I'll take it back tomorrow. 12. A Where are children? B They're in . garden. 13. My sister's teacher in school near Leicester. She has three children, two girls and . boy. girls are in her class at school, but boy isn't old enough for . school yet. 14. Jane and Bill are very nice couple. She has . clothes shop, and he works in office in centre of town. 15. A Where are my shoes? B On . floor in . kitchen. 4. Find one mistake in each sentence. 1. Peter is postman, so he has breakfast at 4 a.m. 2. The love is more important than money. 3. We come to school by the bus. 4. I'm reading one good book at the moment. 5. “Where's Henry?” “In a kitchen.” 6. I live in centre of town, near the hospital. 7. Her parents bought the lovely house in the country. 8. She doesn't eat the bread because she doesn't like it. 5. Match a noun in A with a verb in B and a line in C. .A B C Cows comes oil and petrol. Leaves like from grapes. Cats fall off grass. Wine is In trees. Birds go full of vitamins. Children live to school until they’re 16. Cars eat trees in autumn. Fruit need eating fish 6. Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1. Could I have any milk in my coffee, please? 2. “Have we got milk for the coffee?” “No, I didn't buy some.” 3. Justin's got a new job. He's earning so many money! 4. There aren't some students in the coffee bar. 5. It's Tom's party tonight and I haven't got something to wear! 6. “Look at this mess! Did you do this, Henry?" “No, it wasn't me! I didn't do nothing!” 7. “Did you get a seat on the train this morning?” “ No, there was somewhere to sit. I had to stand for their journey!” 8. I came to work by the car this morning. Fortunately there was only a few traffic. 9. I don't eat the fish because I don't like it. 10. There are too many children in my daughter's class. 7. Complete the conversations below with the lines from the box How much is it? Right, that's £2.40 change. That's £24.50, please. I am sorry. That's £7.40, then. That's £150, plus £2 commission. And can I cash a traveller's cheque for $100? £8 for an adult, £4.50 for children under 12.
47. 1. A Hello. I’m looking for this month’s edition of Vogue. B Over there. Middle shelf. Next to Marie Claire and Cosmopolitan. A Thanks. . B £2.60. A Here you are. B A Just a minute! I gave you a £10 note, not a £5 note. B. 2. A I'd like to change these dollars into sterling, please. B Right. How much is here? A $200. B A OK, thanks. B Certainly. Have you got your passport? A Yes, here it is. 3 A Hello. How much is it to get in? B . A OK. Two adults and three children, please. B Then it's cheaper if you have a family ticket. A Thank you very much. 8. Write the sentences, adding the where necessary. 1. Is he still in bed? → Is he still in bed? 2. Would you like to go to cinema tonight? → Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? 3. We visit him in prison about once a month. 4. Can I go home now? 5. I usually go to bank once a week. 6. Does she like it at university? 7. School is almost falling down. 8. I do all my shopping at supermarket. 9. What time do you finish work? 10. I went to hairdresser last week but my hair looks terrible. READING Read the text. Are the statements true ()or false ( )? THE BEST SHOPPING STREET IN THE WORLD A recent survey has shown that the busiest shopping street in the world is not in London, New York, or Paris, but in Warsaw. It’s called Nowy Swiat, which means New World. An incredible 14,000 Poles walk down this main street every hour. It is a lovely place to shop. The pavements are very wide. There are statues, palaces, attractive town houses, exclusive cafés, and high-class restaurants. The buildings aren’t too tall. They look old, but in fact the whole city was rebuilt after World War II. There aren’t any billboards or neon lights. There isn’t any loud music, and there aren’t many tourists. People think that Polish shops have nothing to sell, so nobody
48. comes shopping here. The world doesn’t know about this paradise for shoppers – yet. It is now possible to buy almost everything in Warsaw. There are a lot of shops from the West, but the interesting thing is that Polish manufacturers are now producing high quality goods. They are good because they are not mass produced for world consumption. Nowy Swiat has a lot of small shops, specialist shops, and chic shops. It hasn’t got the huge department stores that sell the same things everywhere. If you want an exquisite handmade suit, Nowy Swiat is the place to go. It isn’t cheap. You will pay up to £1,000. For beautiful French baby clothes, go to Petit Bateau. You will pay £50 for a pair of blue jeans for a baby. A dress for a baby girl is about £90. At Désa, a famous antique shop, a desk costs £5,000, and a 19th century Russian icon is £200. Not everything is expensive. At the shop Pantera you can buy leather goods – handbags, purses, coats, and belts. Cepelia specializes in folk art. There are also book shops and record shops. And there are a lot of small boutiques that sell men’s and women’s clothes that aren’t too expensive. If you’re tired, stop at Café Blikle. This is a fashionable place to meet. You’ll find a lively atmosphere, and a lot of well-known Poles. The frozen yoghurt and ice-creams are excellent, and its famous doughnuts are delicious. It is possible to travel the world and find the same things for sale in every country. But Warsaw is different because its shops are unique – and they’re in Nowy Swiat. 1. Nowy Swiat is a town in Poland. 2. There are some famous old buildings in Nowy Swiat. 3. Nowy Swiat has a lively atmosphere. 4. Most of the people shopping here are Poles. 5. Polish goods are sold in many countries. 6. You can buy children’s clothes at Petit Bateau. 7. You can buy an expensive new desk at Désa. 8. Some shops are quite cheap. 9. The best drinks are at Café Blikle. 10. Warsaw’s shops are different from those in other countries. LISTENING Listen and write down the verbs in infinitive and the linking words you hear. Example: Infinitive verbs Linking words 1 Break; mend but 2 3 4 5 6 7
49. 8 9 10 WRITING 1. Write sentences. 1. please / I / stamps / have / can / ten / ? 2. tell / where / me / is / you / can / it / ? 3. there / left / any / aren’t / I’m / afraid 4. would / you / to / like / how / pay / ? 5. could / help / wonder / me / I / if / you / ? 6. changing / rooms / there / are / over / the 7. any / are / left / there / milk ? 8. have / I / some / for / good / you / news. 9. usually / She / has / with / lunch / her / colleagues. 10. Bangkok, / Thailand, / of / the / capital / is / very / a / city / exciting. 2. Correct these sentences. Some sentences contain more than one mistake. 1 Our first lesson after the lunch is the geography. 2 I first played a baseball in USA last summer. 3 The Rome is my favourite city in Italy. 4 When I leave a university I want to be the journalist. 5 What time does bank open on Fridays? 6 I often work at the home. 7 I can lend you many money until tomorrow. 8 1 asked him to put milk in my coffee. 9 I've seen her Times this year, but not very often. 10 We only have petrol left. 3. Write a story using the information given below: 1. John Marcie / fall in love with / Jane Brown 2. get married / but / there / be / problem 3. both / have / dog / and / dogs / hate / each other. 4. John and Jane / not want / get rid / the dogs. 5. decide / live apart / while / dogs / alive. 6. live / 40 miles apart / three years 7. not see / each other very often. 8. life / be / very expensive 9. spend / a lot of money / on phone calls and travel 10. last week / Jane’s dog / die 11. Jane / go to live / with / John 12. Jane / say / it/ not be / easy / live apart. 13. I / not love / my dog more than John / but / I / not want / give her up.
50. My Hobbies 4 Future form: going to, will, present continuous UNIT WARM UP Complete these sentences with ideas about you: One day I want I enjoy because I to like On Sundays, I So, I decided love I hope Right now, I’m thinking Let
51. of I’d like to The weekend I’m going to PRESENTATION FUTURE INTENTION: going to, will and present continuous for future 1. Match the photos with sentences below. 1.They’re going to buy a house. 2. I’ll give you a lift to the station if you like. 3. They are going to travel around the world. 4. It’s Ok, I’ll answer it. 5. Don’t worry. I’ll lend you some. 6. I’m going to stay in and watch the football on TV. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 2. Use the sentences in the table to add one line before and one line after each sentence in exercise 1. Before After I haven’t got enough money That’s great. Can we go now, it leaves at five past What are Kelly and Lauren doing this Well, if it’s Susan, say I’m not in.
52. summer Thanks, I’ll pay you back tomorrow. I promise. The phone’s ringing. Lucky them! Oh no! I’m late, I’m going to miss my train. Really? Does that mean they’re going to get married? What are you doing tonight? Oh, of course. Arsenal are playing Chelsea, aren’t Why are Peter and Jane saving all their they? money? Example: Why are Peter and Jane saving all their money? 1. They are going to buy a house. Really? Does that mean they’re going to get married? GRAMMAR QUESTIONS: 1.How many ways are there to express future intentions in English? Which ones? 2. What are their different use? GRAMMAR REVIEW FUTURE FORMS 1.Will a. Form Will + infinitive without to Will is a modal auxiliary verb. The form of Will are the same for all persons. Positive and negative I He She ‘ll (will) come. It won’t help you. We invite Tom. You they Question: What time will you be back? b. Use Will is used: 1.to express a future intention made at the moment of speaking. It’s Jane’s birthday. Is it? I’ll buy her some flowers. I’ll give you my phone number. 2.to express an offer. Your suitcase looks so heavy. I’ll carry it for you. 2. To be going to
53. a. Form: Am/ is/ are + going + to + infinitive Positive and negative: I ‘m ‘m not She ‘s He ‘s not (isn’t) Going to leave. It We You ‘re They aren’t Question Short answer What’s she going to do? Are they going to get married? Yes, thay are/ No, they aren’t. b. Use To be going to is used: 1.to express a future decision, intention or plan made before the moment of speaking. I’m going to study hard. What are you going to do after college? 2.When we can see or feel now that something is certain to happen in the future. Look at these clouds! It’s going to rain. Watch out! The box is going to fall. 3.Present Continuous ( see unit 1) a. Form (see unit 1) b. Use The present Continuous for the future is used: 1.to express a planned future arrangement. What are you doing on Saturday? We are planning a party. Can you come? 2.With the verbs go and come My parents are coming for dinner. We’re going to the theater. Do you want to come?
54. CHECK IT 1.Choose the correct verb form. 1.That bag looks heavy. /'// carry / I'm going to carry it for you. 2. I bought some warm boots because I'll go I I'm going skiing. 3. A: Tony's back from holiday. B: Is he? /'// give / I'm going to give him a ring. 4. A: What will you do/ are you doing tonight? B: We'll see I We're going to see a play at the theatre. 5. You can tell me your secret. / wont tell / I'm not telling anyone. 6. Congratulations! 1 hear you'll get married /you're getting married. 7. A: I need to post these letters. B: I'll go / I'm going shopping soon. I'll post / I'm going to post them for you. 8. A: What will we have I are we having for lunch? B: I'm going to make / I make a lasagne. 2 Write sentences to respond to these statements. Use will. 1.This bag is heavy. => I’ll carry it for you. 2.I need a cup of coffee. 3.Do you want a cheese sandwich or a ham sandwich? 4.I haven't got your email address. 5.I'm tired and I haven't done the washing-up. 3. Choose the correct form. 1. I'll be/I'm going to be an astronaut when I grow up. 2.The phone's ringing! OK, I'll answer/I'm answering it. 3.I'm feeing/I'll see the dentist tomorrow at 1 0.00. 4.I've decided I'm going to get/I'll get t new job. 5.Helen's pregnant She's going to have/'ll have a baby. 6.Look at the mess! /'// help/I'm going to help you clear it up. 7.Oh dear, I think /'// sneeze/I'm going to sneeze. 8. I'm not sure which one to buy. OK, /'// take/I'm going to take the blue one. 4. Complete the sentences using the verb in brackets and a future form. 1. I___(have) a party on Friday. Would you like to come? 2. I've decided that I need a new car. I___(buy) a Ford Mondeo. 3. If you have a problem, ask the teacher. She___(help) you.
55. 4. It___(be) a lovely day. Would you like to go to the park? 5. We___ (go) to Scotland for our holidays this year. READING 1.Look at these photos! What are these hobbies? 2. Reading: HOBBIES People may have many different types of hobbies during their lifetimes. When we are very young most of our time is spent playing with dolls or toy trucks. We also may enjoy playing in a sandbox or building with wooden blocks. When we get older we start to pursue our first hobbies. Some kids go out for a sport like football or figure skating. These new interests can be quite time-consuming and most children put a lot of energy into them. Some other children might get interested in less active activities like reading, painting, or stamp collecting. While some others might enjoy playing an instrument like the piano or the flute. As we get older, our hobbies might change or they might not. Some people who collected stamps as a child might still be collecting stamps when they are 80. Other people might change their interests every year depending on fashion. Some people are lucky that they have found professions that are similar to their hobbies, like the weekend gardener who works as a landscaper or the kid who loves computers and becomes a programmer. Some of the most popular hobbies include watching TV or videos, reading books, magazines and newspapers, playing a musical instrument, singing in a choir or listening to music. Lots of people like travelling as a hobby. Many people like to join sports clubs where they practice gymnastics, basketball, volleyball, swimming, handball or judo. The
56. main goal of a hobby is to give youself an enjoyable break from your everyday work or school. A hobby is something you should do only for yourself. Read the text and answer the questions below. 1. Do people have the same hobbies during their lifetime? 2. According to the text, what did people do when they are very young ? 3. What do children usually enjoy doing? 4. Do our hobbies change when we get older? 5. Which profession is ideal for a weekend gardener? 6. What are the main goal of a hobbies? Are these statements about the text true or false. Correct the false one. 1. We enjoy playing in a sandbox or building with wooden blocks when we are very young. 2. Most children didn’t take care of their new interests. 3. Stamp collecting is a less active activities childen get in. 4. When we get older, our hobbies change. 5.Travelling is not a hobby. LISTENING You’ve got a friend, by Carol King Listen and fill in the blank to complete the song When you are down and troubled And you (1) a helping hand And nothing, but nothing is going right Close .(2) and think of me And soon I will .(3) there To brighten up even your darkest nights (Chorus) You just .(4) my name, And you know wherever I am I’ll (5) running to see you again. Winter, spring, summer or fall All you have to do is call And I’ll be there, yeah, yeah, yeah You’ve got (6). If the sky above you Turns (7) and full of clouds And that old north wind begins to blow Keep your head together And call (8) out loud And soon I’ll be knocking on your door. Hey, ain’t it good to know that you’ve got a friend?
57. People can be so cold. (9) and desert you Well, they’ll take your soul if you let them Oh, yeah, but (10) let them (Chorus) WRITING 1. Write the sentences and questions in the correct order. 1.I'm / on business / New York / going / to. 2.How long / are / stay / with / to / Suzy / going / you / ? 3. You / be / are / to / going / very surprised. 4. holiday / this / going / a / have / isn't / She / to / year. 5. I/ rain / it's / to / going / think 2. Correct the sentences. 1. 'What you like to drink?' 'I have a coffee, please.' 2.Where are the changing rooms? I like try on these jeans. 3.I can't go out because a friend of mine will come to see me. 4.I'm looking forward to see you again soon. 5.I think to change my job soon. 6.Phone me tonight. I give you my phone number. 7.I see the doctor tomorrow about my back. 3. Look at the pictures and complete these sentences. I’d I’m going I like like to 1. 2. 3. 3.
58. We will 4. 5. I love
59. HOW DO PEOPLE 5 FEEL? UNIT Ing/ ed adjectives So/ such. Relative clause WARM UP Look at this photos, how does he feel? PRESENTATION 1 Ing/ ed adjectives 1.Complete the sentences to describe the situations and experiences. Use the adjectives from the box. fightened surprising exhausted relaxing annoyed depressing 1.I heard some footsteps in the middle of the night. I was really 2.The bus was full. I had to wait for the next one, so I was late for work. I felt so 3.I saw Andy eating a burger! I thought he was vegetarian.
60. That’s very . 4. I was lying on the beach in the sun all day yesterday. How 5. On my holiday it rained every day. That’s just so 6.I ran my first full marathon on Sunday. I was 2. Grammar questions 1. Mention others ing/ed adjectives you know! 2. What is the different use between ing_adjective and ed_adjective? GRAMMAR REVIWEW 1.-ing adjectives describe a situation, person, or thing. An interesting life A boring teacher An exciting film 2.– ed adjectives descride how people feel. I’m very interested in modern art. We are bored at the end of the lesson. PRACTICE 1.Complete the sentences. Use one of these adjectives.
61. Excit- Frighten- Bor- Interest- -ed Confus- Disappoint- -ing Worry/ worri- Supris- 1.“I met a famous film star today?” “Really? How___!” 2. “I spent four hours going round a museum.” “Was it___”. “No, it was___” 3.“I haven’t heard from my parents for two months.” “You must be___” 4. “Wow, Maria! What are you doing here?” “Why are you so ___to see me?” 5. I failed my exam. I worked really hard for it. I’m so___ 6. “A man started to follow me home last night.” “Weren’t you ___?” 7. My computer’s broken, and I don’t understand the manual. It’s so___. 2. Complete the sentences with the correct adjectives excited/ exciting Life in New York is very___ The football fans were very___ tired/ tiring The marathon runners were very___ That game of tennis was very___ annoyed/ annoying The child’s behaviour was very really___ The teacher was ___when nobody did the homework. worried/ worrying The news is very___ Everybody was very ___when they heard the news. PRESENTATION 2: So/ such 1.Look at the sentences. When do we use so, such a (an), so many and so much? We were all so worried! Mike’s such an idiot! It was such an interesting idea !
62. He has such crazy friends! We had such an annoying weather on holiday! There are so many places I want to go! I’ve got so much work GRAMMAR REVIEW 1.So is an adjective and is used before adverbs and adjectives which are not followed by their nouns. They were all so tired . The snow fell so fast. So can be followed by many + count noun/ by much + uncount noun. There are so many photos on the table. I’ve got so much time. 2.Such is an adjective and is used before an adjective + nouns. They had such a frightening dog. He is such a talented man Such is never used before much and many. 3.So + adjective/ adverb + that and such + adjective + noun + that are used to emphasize qualities and characteristics. The film was so boring that I felt asleep. She spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep. PRACTICE 1.Complete the sentences in A with so, such, such a, so many, so much. Then match them with the sentences in B. A B 1.Their house is___mess. a. I could eat a horse. 2.There were___people at the party. b. I don’t know where it’s all gone. 3.I’m___hungry. c. You really didn’t have to. 4.Jane and Pete are ___nice people. d. She understands every word I say. 5.I’ve spent ___ money this week! e. There was no where to dance. 6. A present for me? You’re___ kind. f. Thank you so much for inviting us. 7. We’ve had ___nice time. g. But I can’t stand their children. 8.Molly’s ___clever dog! h. I don’t know how they live in it. 2. Use so that or such that to match two sentences in one sentence. 1. There were a lot of clouds in the sky. I couldn't see much.
63. 2. It was a cloudy night. I couldn’t see much. 3. The meteor particles are small. They burn up before they reach the earth. 4. The meteor storm is a big threat to satellites. They are being moved out of the way. 5.The meteor particles move fast. They become bullets in space. PRESENTAION 3 Relative clause 1.Read the description of a town. Complete with who, which or where. I was born in Newcastle, a city in the north-east of England. Newcastle is on the bank of the River Tyne. It is quite big, with a population of about 300,000 people. There is a catheral and a university. There are five bridges over the River Tyne,___link Newcastle to the next town Gateshead,___there is one of the biggest shopping centres in the world, the Metro Centre. I moved from Newcastle ten years ago but I often return. I miss the people,___are so warm and friendly, and I miss the wild, beautiful countryside near the city, ___there are so many hillsmand streams. People___are born near the River Tyne have a special name. They are called “Geordies”. I am very pleased to be a “Geordie”! GRAMMAR QUESTION 1.How do we call “who; which; where”? 2. How do we use them? GRAMMAR REVIEW Who, that, which and where are relative pronouns. We use them to join sentences. 1.Who/ that is used to replace a noun of person/ people. - Who/ that can be the subject of the relative clause. I met the man. He works in a bank => I met a man who works in the bank. - Who/ that also can be the object.
64. I met the man. Anna loves that man. => I met the man who Anna loves 2. Which/ that is used to replace a noun of thing/ things. They can be the subject or object of the relative clause. I bought the coat. It was in the shop windown. =>I bought the coat which/that was in the shop windown. Anna bought the coat. She wanted this coat very much. => Anna bought the coat which/ that she wanted very much. 3. Where is used to replace a noun of place (in which) The hotel was very comfortable. We stay in it. =>The hotel where we stayed was very comfortable. Note: We often leave out the relative pronoun when it is the object. I met the man Anna loves. Anna bought the coat she wanted very much. PRACTICE 1.Complete the sentences with who, which or that. If it is possible to leave the relative pronoun out, put brackets around it. 1.He’s the man (who/that) Anna loves. 2. The film star gave a party___cost £10,000. 3. The man ___you met at the party was a famous film star. 4. You’rereading the book___I wanted to read. 5. I don’t like food___is very spicy. 6. That’s the dictionnary___Bill gave me for my birthday. 7. Do you like the people___Sarah invited to her party? 8. There’s someone at the doorm___wants to speak to George. CHECK IT 1. Complete the sentences with a word from the box. Careful! They are not all used. interested/interesting annoyed/annoying frightened/frightening bored/boring excited/exciting disappointed/disappointing exhausted/exhausting worried/worrying surprised/surprising 1. The TV programme was so ___that I felt asleep. 2. Children can't get to sleep on Christmas Eve. They're too___. 3. A Hi, Mum! B Carol! Thank goodness you rang! Where have you been? We’ve been so___
65. 4. A Hello, darling. I’ve got a present for you. B Forme? A Don't look so___ __ I often buy you presents. B But it isn't my birthday! 5. The art exhibition was very ___My feet were killing me! I find going round art galleries and museums really___ . 6. Some people don't go out at night because they're___that someone will rob them. 7. Our financial situation is very ___ We spend more and more, but we're earning less and less. 8. A You're yawning. Are you listening to what I'm saying? B I am! I'm really___I want to know what happened. It's just that I feel___I went to bed very late last night. 9. A Was your father___when you told him your exam results? B He was furious. 2. Complete the article about Michael Jackson with who, which or where. American superstar Michael Jackson was born in Gary, Indiana, on August 29, 1958 and entertained audiences nearly all his entire life. Michael Jackson died just over one year ago, and on Friday and over the weekend, fans turned out around the globe in large numbers to pay their respects. Michael Jackson passed away on June 25, 2009, and legions of his fans came out to pay their respects. A crowed gathered in Los Angeles to offer tributes, to sing, to dance and to cry while remembering the pop icon (1) ___touched many lives with his music. At the gathering of fans, a huge banner read "The King of Pop, Michael Jackson, Gone Too Soon." Noted Erick Dominguez, a longtime fan (2)___ traveled nearly 100 miles to join the rally, "He’s been my idol all my life since I can remember. I feel like I haven’t had closure." Dominguez, perhaps summing up the love felt for Jackson by his
66. fans, began to silently weep as he talked about his deceased hero. Meanwhile, fans also gathered in Jackson’s hometown of Gary, Indiana, (3) ___Jackon’s mother, Katherine, presented a memorial to her son that is located in the front yard of the small home in (4)___he grew up. Said Katherine Jackson, "This past year has been very hard on the family. If it wasn’t for the help of all of you, we wouldn’t have made it through." Jackson, (5)___ was 50 when he died, clearly still elicits strong feelings in his fans. Yumiko Sasaki, a 48-year-old Tokyo resident, was at a gathering of fans in Japan that featured a showing of the late singer’s possessions, and noted, "I don’t know what to say. Seeing all his things makes it all come back to me. It makes me so sad to think that he is gong. He was wonderful. READING Active listening is the key to being sensitive to other's feelings. It can be hard to empathize and understand the feelings of another person, especially if you have not gone through the same experiences as her. However, with strong listening skills and body language that conveys you care, you can be sensitive to other people's feelings. Being genuine about your concern for her feelings is the best way to display interest and thoughtfulness. Asking questions and making her feel comfortable with your conversation sets the stage for a productive exchange.
67. Instructions 1.Hold your body in a way that conveys acceptance and openness while she is expressing her feelings to you. Do not cross your arms and physically close your body off to her. Relax your shoulders, keep your hands at ease and do not hold strong expressions in your face, such as confusion or apathy. Refrain from walking around and being distracted by other things going on around you, such as the TV, radio or people who may be nearby. 2.Actively listen to what the person is saying and how she is saying it. Show you are listening by nodding your head and making sounds of agreement and understanding. Make notes in your head of questions you want to ask and what details need to be further explained to you. The most important comments are often expressed with a raised voice or serious tone in her voice. Take note of the comments that seem the most important.
68. 3.Ask clarifying questions and avoid interrupting her. If the way she is demonstrating her feelings is confusing, ask her to provide an example. Try to think of similar experiences you have had that help you understand her current state of emotions. Share this common experience as it might bring you closer together and make her feel she has been heard and understood. Do not delegitimate any of the feelings she expresses. You cannot change the way that someone felt during a situation; only try to understand and attempt to make changes that prevent a bad feeling from happening in the future. 4.Follow up on your conversation at a later time when she is less stressed and further from the event that caused strong feelings. By checking in and asking how she is doing, you are showing you care about what she told you even after the fact. Ask if there is anything else you can do for her such as bring tea, call a friend or attend an event together that takes her mind off the stressful situation. 1.Read the text and answer the questions below 1.According to the text, what do you need to be sensitive to other people’s feelings? 2. How many stages should you follow? 3. What do you do while she is expressing her feelings to you? 4. What do you do with the most important comments? 5. Shouldn’t you ask her to provide an example when her demonstration of feeling is confusing? 6. What do you do to show your care about what she told you? 2. Are these statements true or false? 1. It is easy to understand other people’s feelings. 2. You shouldn’t walk around and be distracted by other things going on around you. 3. Nodding your head and making sounds of agreement and understanding is not an active listening. 4. Interrupting her is a good way to be sensitive. 5. Attending an event with her may take her mind off the stressful situation. LISTENING Listen and circle the best response 1. a. Yes, he is b. I’d say I was a little shy. c. You would? 2.
69. a. Yes, very b. Yes, I think she is. c. Yes, I think I’m pretty intelligent 3. a. He’s a kind of slender. b. Yes, he has a moustache. c. Yes, Is that a problem? 4. a. She’s very smart. b. She’s very tall. c. she likes clean-shaven men. 5. a. Yes, he is b. Around 180 centimeters c. Twenty-eight 6. a. You’re kidding! b. I love men with beards. c. I’m not sure. WRITING 1. Join the sentences with the correct relative pronouns 1.There’s a boy. He broke the window. 2. That’s the palace. The King lives in it. 3. There are policemen. They caught the thief. 4. He gave her a watch. It stopped after two days. 5. The Red Lion is a pub. We met in it for a drink. 6. Here are the letters. They arrived this morning. 7. That’s the house. I was born in it. 8. Where is the woman? She ordered the fish. 2.Use so that or such that to match two sentences in one sentence. 1. The meteor shower is a rare occurrence. It only comes every 33 years. 2. The comet has a large wake. It passes through the earth’s upper atmosphere. 3. The shooting stars appear frequently. You can see two or three a minute. 4. Scientists consider this a unique opportunity. They are flying in aircrafts to study it.
70. 5. These observations will reveal important information. Scientists will be studying results for years. Places and 6 things UNIT What’s it like? Comparatives and superlatives WARM UP What is your favourite: -town - song - food - film - sport - buiding? Look at these photos about Thomas and John. What are their favourite things? Their favourit their . sport is Their favourite
71. 2.Which of these adjectives do you thinks go with the photos? fantastic talented delicious glamorous shocking romantic vietnamese skillful PRESENTATION 1 What’s it like? Look at the questions and answers. A What is your teacher like? B She is very nice – kind and patient. A What are his parents like? B They’re strict and a bit frightening. GRAMMAR QUESTION 1.When do we use the question “What like?” 2. What kind of word is “like”? GRAMMAR REVIEW What’s it like? 1.“What like?” means “describe somebody or something. Tell me about them. I don’t know anything about them” What is your new boyfriend like? => He is handsome and intelligent. What is your mother like? => She is kind hearted.
72. Note: How’s your mother? Ask about the health. It doesn’t ask for a description. How’s your mother? => She is very well, thank you. 2. In the question “What like?”, like is a preposition. Don’t be confused with “like” as a verb. What is Jim like? => He is very talented. What does Jim like? => he likes collecting stamps. PRACTICE 1.Match the questions and answers. Questions: Answers: 1. What’s Phil like? a. Very well, thanks. 2. What does Phil like? b. Oh, the usual things – good food and 3. How’s Phil? nice people. c. He’s tall, funny and very kind. 2. Thomas is answering questions about his home town, London. Complete the questions with is or are and the correct words from the box. London the restaurants the people the buildings the night -life the weather 1.Q What ‘s London like? T Well, it's a really exciting city! There's so much going on all the time. 2. Q What ___ like? T It's OK, and not very cold in winter, but people don't come here for the sunshine! 3. Q What ___ like?